Somalia
Federal Republic of Somalia
U.S. sanctions — Somalia sanctions. Targeted designations, including al-Shabaab-related networks.
As of August 2026 — verify with OFAC and screen counterparties with the xin.bz OFAC search.
- Region
- Africa · Eastern Africa
- Capital
- Mogadishu
- Population
- 19,654,739 (2025)
- Government
- federal parliamentary republic
- Currency
- Somali shilling (SOS)
- Official languages
- Arabic, Somali
- Spoken languages
- Somali (official), Arabic (official), Italian, English
- Written scripts
- Arabic, Latin
- Area
- 637,657 km²
- Coastline
- Coastal
- UN member
- Yes
- Affiliations
- African Union, EAC, IMF, Arab League, OIC
- Borders
- Djibouti , Ethiopia , Kenya
Political stability
27 / 100
Economic stability
21 / 100
Population stability
40 / 100
0–100, higher is more stable. Political: World Bank governance score. Economic: government effectiveness, regulatory quality, and inflation proximity to 2% (World Bank). Population: stability of growth and net migration rates (World Bank).
Trade profile
- Key exports
- sheep and goats, gold, postage stamps/documents, other animals, cattle (2023)
- Key imports
- raw sugar, tobacco, broadcasting equipment, rice, milk (2023)
- Natural resources
- uranium and largely unexploited reserves of iron ore, tin, gypsum, bauxite, copper, salt, natural gas, likely oil reserves
- Primary route
- Indian Ocean gateways (Mombasa, Dar es Salaam, Djibouti) to Asia and the Gulf
- Secondary route
- Suez corridor to Europe
The xin.bz view
- Somalia could swing from drought recovery to flood management in one season: El Niño plus a positive Indian Ocean Dipole favor much stronger October–December rains, restoring pasture and groundwater while the Juba and Shabelle rivers raise flash-flood exposure.
xin.bz coverage
El Niño Is Splitting Africa's Water Map — Just as the World Turns to the Continent for Food, Fertilizer, Fuel and Critical Minerals
A wetter Horn and a drier south, Southern Africa's grain and Kariba buffers, cocoa's port squeeze, Moroccan phosphate and Nigerian fuel as global substitutes, and the corridors that turn African resources into accessible supply.
Africa Is Building a Continental Trade System in Real Time: AfCFTA Moves From Treaty to Customs Gates, Payment Rails and Freight Corridors
AfCFTA's implementation era in 2026 — customs modernization, PAPSS payment expansion, the Abidjan-Lagos and Lobito corridors, and the regional manufacturing buildout reshaping intra-African trade.
Trade research
- WTO trade profile — tariffs, trade in goods and services, top partners
- World Bank country data — GDP, trade share of GDP, logistics indicators
- OEC trade profile — export/import composition and partners, visualized
- ITC Trade Map — detailed trade statistics by product (ITC/UN Comtrade)
- CIA World Factbook — geography, economy, transportation infrastructure
xin.bz can watch Somalia for you — email alerts when new disruptions hit. Start free
Sources: mledoze/countries (ODbL), CIA World Factbook (public domain), World Bank Open Data (CC BY-4.0), flag-icons (MIT). Stability scores are xin.bz composites of the cited World Bank indicators; routes and commodity notes are xin.bz assessments. Informational only — verify with official sources.