Luxembourg

Region

Europe · Western Europe

Capital

Luxembourg

Population

686,970 (2025)

Government

constitutional monarchy

Currency

Euro (EUR)

Official languages

French, German, Luxembourgish

Spoken languages

Luxembourgish (official administrative, judicial, and national language) 48.9%, Portuguese 15.4%, French (official administrative, judicial, and legislative language) 14.9%, Italian 3.6%

Written scripts

Latin

Area

2,586 km²

Coastline

Landlocked

UN member

Yes

Affiliations

EU, IMF, NATO, OECD, WCO, WTO

Borders

Belgium , France , Germany

0–100, higher is more stable. Political: World Bank governance score. Economic: government effectiveness, regulatory quality, and inflation proximity to 2% (World Bank). Population: stability of growth and net migration rates (World Bank).

Trade profile

Key exports

iron blocks, gas turbines, plastic products, rubber tires, plastics (2023)

Key imports

cars, refined petroleum, electricity, plastic products, gas turbines (2023)

Natural resources

iron ore (no longer exploited), arable land

Primary route

North Sea hub ports (Rotterdam, Antwerp, Le Havre) to global services

Secondary route

Suez Canal corridor to Asia

Trade research

• WTO trade profile — tariffs, trade in goods and services, top partners
• World Bank country data — GDP, trade share of GDP, logistics indicators
• OEC trade profile — export/import composition and partners, visualized
• ITC Trade Map — detailed trade statistics by product (ITC/UN Comtrade)
• CIA World Factbook — geography, economy, transportation infrastructure