Belgium

Region

Europe · Western Europe

Capital

Brussels

Population

11,941,781 (2025)

Government

federal parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy

Currency

Euro (EUR)

Official languages

Dutch, French, German

Spoken languages

Dutch (official) 60%, French (official) 40%, German (official) less than 1%

Written scripts

Latin

Area

30,528 km²

Coastline

Coastal

UN member

Yes

Affiliations

EU, IMF, NATO, OECD, WCO, WTO

Borders

France , Germany , Luxembourg , Netherlands

0–100, higher is more stable. Political: World Bank governance score. Economic: government effectiveness, regulatory quality, and inflation proximity to 2% (World Bank). Population: stability of growth and net migration rates (World Bank).

Trade profile

Key exports

refined petroleum, natural gas, vaccines, cars, packaged medicine (2023)

Key imports

cars, natural gas, vaccines, packaged medicine, crude petroleum (2023)

Natural resources

construction materials, silica sand, carbonates, arable land

Luxury goods

fine chocolate, diamond trade (Antwerp)

Primary route

Antwerp-Bruges on Asia–Europe and transatlantic lanes

Secondary route

European barge, rail, and short-sea network

Trade research

• WTO trade profile — tariffs, trade in goods and services, top partners
• World Bank country data — GDP, trade share of GDP, logistics indicators
• OEC trade profile — export/import composition and partners, visualized
• ITC Trade Map — detailed trade statistics by product (ITC/UN Comtrade)
• CIA World Factbook — geography, economy, transportation infrastructure