Colombia
Republic of Colombia
- Region
- Americas · South America
- Capital
- Bogotá
- Population
- 53,425,635 (2025)
- Government
- presidential republic
- Currency
- Colombian peso (COP)
- Official languages
- Spanish
- Spoken languages
- Spanish (official) 98.9%, indigenous 1%, Portuguese 0.1%; 65 indigenous languages exist (2023 est.)
- Written scripts
- Latin
- Area
- 1,141,748 km²
- Coastline
- Coastal
- UN member
- Yes
- Affiliations
- CARICOM (observer), IMF, Mercosur (associate), WCO, WTO
- Borders
- Brazil , Ecuador , Panama , Peru , Venezuela
Political stability
49 / 100
Economic stability
44 / 100
Population stability
68 / 100
0–100, higher is more stable. Political: World Bank governance score. Economic: government effectiveness, regulatory quality, and inflation proximity to 2% (World Bank). Population: stability of growth and net migration rates (World Bank).
Trade profile
- Key exports
- crude petroleum, coal, gold, coffee, refined petroleum (2023)
- Key imports
- refined petroleum, cars, broadcasting equipment, aircraft, packaged medicine (2023)
- Natural resources
- petroleum, natural gas, coal, iron ore, nickel, gold, copper, emeralds, hydropower
- Luxury goods
- emeralds, specialty coffee
- Primary route
- Atlantic services to Europe and North America
- Secondary route
- Asia services via the Panama Canal or Cape of Good Hope
The xin.bz view
- Colombia imports roughly three-quarters of its cereals (~10.7M t needed in 2026, ~8.2M t maize) while coffee production is expected to fall ~8% — softer export earnings against high staple-import exposure.
xin.bz coverage
El Niño Is Reordering South America's Export Map
El Niño makes South America the world's replacement supplier — record Brazilian crops, Argentine rainfall gains, Peru's fishmeal shock, and the logistics that decide who can move it.
Trade research
- WTO trade profile — tariffs, trade in goods and services, top partners
- World Bank country data — GDP, trade share of GDP, logistics indicators
- OEC trade profile — export/import composition and partners, visualized
- ITC Trade Map — detailed trade statistics by product (ITC/UN Comtrade)
- CIA World Factbook — geography, economy, transportation infrastructure
xin.bz can watch Colombia for you — email alerts when new disruptions hit. Start free
Sources: mledoze/countries (ODbL), CIA World Factbook (public domain), World Bank Open Data (CC BY-4.0), flag-icons (MIT). Stability scores are xin.bz composites of the cited World Bank indicators; routes and commodity notes are xin.bz assessments. Informational only — verify with official sources.