Turkmenistan
- Region
- Asia · Central Asia
- Capital
- Ashgabat
- Population
- 7,618,847 (2025)
- Government
- presidential republic; authoritarian
- Currency
- Turkmenistan manat (TMT)
- Official languages
- Russian, Turkmen
- Spoken languages
- Turkmen (official) 72%, Russian 12%, Uzbek 9%, other 7%
- Written scripts
- Cyrillic, Latin
- Area
- 488,100 km²
- Coastline
- Landlocked
- UN member
- Yes
- Affiliations
- IMF, OIC, WCO
- Borders
- Afghanistan , Iran , Kazakhstan , Uzbekistan
Political stability
70 / 100
Economic stability
29 / 100
Population stability
54 / 100
0–100, higher is more stable. Political: World Bank governance score. Economic: government effectiveness, regulatory quality, and inflation proximity to 2% (World Bank). Population: stability of growth and net migration rates (World Bank).
Trade profile
- Key exports
- natural gas, refined petroleum, fertilizers, crude petroleum, electricity (2023)
- Key imports
- broadcasting equipment, cars, wheat, computers, iron pipes (2023)
- Natural resources
- petroleum, natural gas, sulfur, salt
- Primary route
- Overland rail corridors to China and Russia
- Secondary route
- Caspian and Trans-Caspian ("Middle Corridor") routes to Europe
The xin.bz view
- Turkmenistan holds the world’s fourth-largest natural-gas reserves, with China as the primary customer; its pipeline gas reaches inland markets without passing Hormuz, Suez, or Malacca — value that rises every time maritime energy routes get expensive.
xin.bz coverage
El Niño Is Increasing the World's Need for Eurasia — Geopolitics Will Decide What Gets Through
Russia's ~60M t exportable grain, Kazakh wheat and uranium, Belarusian potash, Turkmen gas, and the Middle Corridor — El Niño raises the world's need for Eurasia while geopolitics decides what gets through.
Trade research
- WTO trade profile — tariffs, trade in goods and services, top partners
- World Bank country data — GDP, trade share of GDP, logistics indicators
- OEC trade profile — export/import composition and partners, visualized
- ITC Trade Map — detailed trade statistics by product (ITC/UN Comtrade)
- CIA World Factbook — geography, economy, transportation infrastructure
xin.bz can watch Turkmenistan for you — email alerts when new disruptions hit. Start free
Sources: mledoze/countries (ODbL), CIA World Factbook (public domain), World Bank Open Data (CC BY-4.0), flag-icons (MIT). Stability scores are xin.bz composites of the cited World Bank indicators; routes and commodity notes are xin.bz assessments. Informational only — verify with official sources.